The Role of Agricultural Economics to Improve the Economic Status of Farmers!

Production of agricultural is the biggest creator of economic value for the society of Afghanistan. The agriculture index actually changes and increases the income of farmers' families. Agriculture is the main source of production and a good source of income for farmers and in this way they can increase their income. With the increase in income and expanding of urbanization of farmers, the demand for agricultural products is increasing day by day. Success is possible when agriculture continuously maintains a clearly defined and attractive product as a productive product with economic value and increases the production level. Agricultural products can cover the income of farmers through increased production, rapid growth of products, and the income of farmers' economy and have a direct effect on the increase of agricultural products.
Employment in the agricultural sector and related activities is the main provider of employment in this sector, which constitutes 70 – 75% of the total workforce across the country. But the share of agricultural production is very low and is only between 25 and 32 percent that is almost half of the share of the labor force employed in this sector, which means a low level of labor productivity. Agricultural production can be increased by promoting possible horizontal and vertical integration of agriculture and related activities.
Also, special attention should be paid to professional agriculture farmers to increase their efficiency, which in turn will lead to improvement of overall labor productivity and increase the share of agricultural production in the government's net domestic product. This trade-off often occurs in family-headed farmers, where resource constraints are greater, as a result of limited choices, farmers tend to maintain traditional ways of economic activity.
To evaluate the number of families that work in agricultural and economic activities as their main source of income, it is known that more than 75% of farmers' families in every part of the country are engaged in farming. About 55% of rural households are engaged in agriculture, which is an exception due to there is no significant industrial or manufacturing sector. Also, the budget for agriculture has not increased over the years; there is no support for the production of farmers to hike their income level.
Agriculture is the driving force of the economy and the source of Afghanistan's needs. Climatic diversity in Afghanistan on the one hand and abundant natural and human resources on the other hand are among the main opportunities for the development of agriculture in Afghanistan. Out of the total area of Afghanistan (652 thousand square kilometers), only 12% of land (eight million hectares) is arable and 4% of this land is under irrigation. More than 55% of the population of this country is directly and indirectly dependent on agricultural fields for their livelihood. The agriculture system in Afghanistan is subsistence and is still deeply dependent on nature, wheat and other grains are the main products of this country.
To develop agriculture in Afghanistan, economic and social development priorities of agriculture sector should be identified. Formulating policies and investments can lead to the potential growth of the agriculture sector in reducing poverty and sustainable economic growth through creating work opportunities.